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Vinclozolin (trade names Ronilan, Curalan, Vorlan, Touche) is a common dicarboximide fungicide used to control diseases, such as blights, rots and molds in vineyards, and on fruits and vegetables such as raspberries, lettuce, kiwi, snap beans, and onions.
Carboxin is a narrow-spectrum fungicide used as a seed treatment in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases. It was first marketed by Uniroyal in 1969 using their brand name Vitavax . The compound is an anilide which combines a heterocyclic acid with aniline to give an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI).
In the eastern vineyards this disease is estimated to infect 30% of grapes while in California it can infect up to half. [83] This can reduce yields by 40–60%. [15] [84] Much like black rot, bunch rot overwinters in the berries and infects the next season's crop through spore ejections in the summer. [85]
Pyrazophos is a systemic fungicide which is used in orchards, vineyards and vegetable crops against powdery mildew. In some instances, the compound is also an effective insecticide (e.g. against leaf-miner flies). [3]
The disease cycle begins with the overwintering structures. The grape black rot pathogen overwinters in many parts of the grape vine, especially mummies and lesions, and is able to overwinter on the vineyard floor. [3] In fact, "Viable lesions capable of producing conidia can persist in wood for at least 2 years."
Boscalid is a broad spectrum fungicide used in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases. It was first marketed by BASF in 2002 using their brand name Endura . [ 3 ] The compound is an biphenyl amide derived inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase .
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Copper pesticides are copper compounds used as bactericides, algaecides, or fungicides. They can kill bacteria, oomycetes and algae, and prevent fungal spores from germinating. Common forms of fixed copper fungicides include copper sulfate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride sulfate, cuprous oxide, and copper ...