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The filament is made up of eleven smaller "protofilaments", nine of which contains flagellin in the L-type shape and the other two in the R-type shape. [6] The helical N-and C-termini of flagellin form the inner core of the flagellin protein, and is responsible for flagellin's ability to polymerize into a filament. The middle residues make up ...
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A flagellum (/ f l ə ˈ dʒ ɛ l əm /; pl.: flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores (), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility.
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FLS2 consists of 3 domains: an extracellular, a transmembrane, and an intracellular. The extracellular domain is known as the Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. It is in this region, which is the amino-terminus, where it is said to have direct interaction with flagellin initiating the response of FLS2 to flg22.
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The protein structure that makes up the flagellar filament, flagellin, is conserved among all flagellated bacteria. [23] Vertebrates seem to have taken advantage of this fact by possessing an immune receptor ( TLR5 ) designed to recognize this conserved protein.
[26] [73] The minor flagellin FlaB is located in the proximal region and the major flagellin FlaA makes up the rest of the flagellum. [84] The flagella are sheathed in a continuation of the bacterial outer membrane which gives protection against the gastric acidity.