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Roman architecture covers the period from the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BC to about the 4th century AD, after which it becomes reclassified as Late Antique or Byzantine architecture. Few substantial examples survive from before about 100 BC, and most of the major survivals are from the later empire, after about 100 AD.
The Colosseum is the most prominent example of ancient Roman architecture, but also the Roman Forum, the Domus Aurea, the Pantheon, Trajan's Column, Trajan's Market, the Catacombs, the Circus Maximus, the Baths of Caracalla, Castel Sant'Angelo, the Mausoleum of Augustus, the Ara Pacis, the Arch of Constantine, the Pyramid of Cestius, and the ...
The Roman Pantheon had the largest dome in the world for more than a millennium and is the largest unreinforced solid concrete dome to this day [1]. The Roman architectural revolution, also known as the concrete revolution, [2] is the name sometimes given to the widespread use in Roman architecture of the previously little-used architectural forms of the arch, vault, and dome.
Semicircular arch (Pianella bridge, Corse-du-Sud, 15th century) In architecture, a semicircular arch is an arch with an intrados (inner surface) shaped like a semicircle. [1] [2] This type of arch was adopted and very widely used by the Romans, thus becoming permanently associated with Roman architecture.
Rounded arches, vaults, and domes distinguish Roman architecture from that of Ancient Greece and were facilitated by the use of concrete and brick. [1] By varying the weight of the aggregate material in the concrete, the weight of the concrete could be altered, allowing lighter layers to be laid at the top of concrete domes.
Archaeologists have uncovered a tiny house in Pompeii that is filled with elaborate – and sometimes erotic – frescoes, further revealing the ornate way in which Romans decorated their homes.
Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. [3] It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, [4] planning, designing, and constructing buildings or other structures. [5]
In Roman times architecture was a broader subject than at present including the modern fields of architecture, construction management, construction engineering, chemical engineering, civil engineering, materials engineering, mechanical engineering, military engineering and urban planning; [18] architectural engineers consider him the first of ...