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International trade theory is a sub-field of economics which analyzes the patterns of international trade, its origins, and its welfare implications. International trade policy has been highly controversial since the 18th century. International trade theory and economics itself have developed as means to evaluate the effects of trade policies.
New trade theory (NTT) is a collection of economic models in international trade theory which focuses on the role of increasing returns to scale and network effects, which were originally developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
The gravity model estimates the pattern of international trade. While the model’s basic form consists of factors that have more to do with geography and spatiality, the gravity model has been used to test hypotheses rooted in purer economic theories of trade as well. One such theory predicts that trade will be based on relative factor abundances.
The economic theory of international trade differs from the remainder of economic theory mainly because of the comparatively limited international mobility of the capital and labour. [6] In that respect, it would appear to differ in degree rather than in principle from the trade between remote regions in one country.
(In practice, governments restrict international trade for a variety of reasons; under Ulysses S. Grant, the US postponed opening up to free trade until its industries were up to strength, following the example set earlier by Britain. [33]) Nonetheless there is a large amount of empirical work testing the predictions of comparative advantage ...
Linder proposed an alternative theory of trade that was consistent with Leontief's findings. The Linder hypothesis presents a demand based theory of trade in contrast to the usual supply based theories involving factor endowments. Linder hypothesized that nations with similar demands would develop similar industries.
International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories [1] because there is a need or want of goods or services. [2] See: World economy .) In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP).
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Gravity model of trade; Ricardian trade theories; ... Terms of trade; This is a list of international trade topics.