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Juniper extracts used topically may cause skin allergic reactions, and should be avoided during pregnancy. [8] The tree's essential oil is especially rich in the tricyclic sesquiterpene thujopsene. [11] The heartwood contains an estimated 2.2% of thujopsene; this explains the superior natural durability of the wood itself. [12]
Mainly due to an increased risk of miscarriage, even in small doses, consuming juniper berries may affect pregnant or breastfeeding women. [7] Allergic reactions are possible. [5] Consuming large amounts of juniper berries may cause catharsis, convulsions, or harm kidney function. [5] The berries of some species, such as J. sabina, are toxic. [8]
The fruit are berry-like cones known as juniper berries. They are initially green, ripening in 18 months to purple-black with a blue waxy coating; they are spherical, 4–12 mm ( 5 ⁄ 32 – 15 ⁄ 32 in) diameter, and usually have three (occasionally six) fleshy fused scales, each scale with a single seed.
Uterotonic properties, [5] nausea vomiting, and diarrhea, [12] contraindicated for pregnancy and breast feeding [12] Buckthorn bark and berry alder buckthorn Rhamnus frangula "abdominal pain, diarrhea, potentially carcinogenic, with others can potentiate cardiac glycosides and antiarrhythmic agents" [3] Cascara sagrada bark bearberry Rhamnus ...
Because many juniper shrubs are slower growing, they are less likely to overstep their bounds and require pruning. The problem is when the wrong juniper is planted in the wrong spot.
Juniper berries are a spice used in a wide variety of culinary dishes and are best known for the primary flavoring in gin (and responsible for gin's name, which is a shortening of the Dutch word for juniper, jenever). A juniper-based spirit is made by fermenting juniper berries and water to create a "wine" that is then distilled.
A small quantity of ripe berries can be eaten as an emergency food or as a sage-like seasoning for meat. The dried berries can be roasted and ground into a coffee substitute. [10] Utah juniper is an aromatic plant. Essential oil extracted from the trunk and limb is prominent in α-pinene, δ-3-carene, and cis-thujopsene.
Phomopsis blight of juniper is a foliar disease discovered in 1917 [1] caused by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis juniperovora. The fungus infects new growth of juniper trees or shrubs, i.e. the seedlings or young shoots of mature trees.