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In linguistics, a redundancy is information that is expressed more than once. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Examples of redundancies include multiple agreement features in morphology , [ 1 ] multiple features distinguishing phonemes in phonology , [ 2 ] or the use of multiple words to express a single idea in rhetoric . [ 1 ]
In fact, many examples of redundant expressions are not inherently redundant, but can be redundant if used one way, and are not redundant if used another way. The "up" in "climb up" is not always redundant, as in the example "He climbed up and then fell down the mountain."
Bilingual tautological expressions – Redundancy in linguistic expression; Figure of speech – Non-literal word or phrase used for effect; Grammar – Structural rules of a language; Hyperbole – Rhetorical device; Lapalissade – An utterly obvious truism or tautology, with comical effect; No true Scotsman – Informal logical fallacy
In compiler theory, common subexpression elimination (CSE) is a compiler optimization that searches for instances of identical expressions (i.e., they all evaluate to the same value), and analyzes whether it is worthwhile replacing them with a single variable holding the computed value. [1]
A NOP instruction might be considered to be redundant code that has been explicitly inserted to pad out the instruction stream or introduce a time delay, for example to create a timing loop by "wasting time". Identifiers that are declared, but never referenced, are termed redundant declarations.
An expression is fully redundant if the value computed by the expression is available on all paths through the program to that expression. PRE can eliminate partially redundant expressions by inserting the partially redundant expression on the paths that do not already compute it, thereby making the partially redundant expression fully redundant.
Using redundant components can exponentially increase the availability of overall system. [19] For example if each of your hosts has only 50% availability, by using 10 of hosts in parallel, you can achieve 99.9023% availability. Note that redundancy doesn’t always lead to higher availability.
Pleonasm – Redundancy in linguistic expression; Purple prose – Prose text that is overwritten in a way that disrupts a narrative flow; Readability – Level of ease with which a reader can understand written text; Redundancy (linguistics) – Information that is expressed more than once; Tachylalia – Extremely rapid speech