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Alexei Maximovich Peshkov [a] (Russian: Алексей Максимович Пешков; [b] 28 March [O.S. 16 March] 1868 – 18 June 1936), popularly known as Maxim Gorky (/ ɡ ɔːr k i /; Максим Горький), was a Russian and Soviet writer and proponent of socialism. [1]
There had been an increasing disillusionment among left-wing intellectuals with the advent of Stalinism and the viability of Marxism following the Russian Revolution.A number of Trotsky's associates such as Max Eastman, Victor Serge, Boris Souvarine, Ante Ciliga had raised questions about his responsibility over the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion in 1921.
The Russian Revolution of 1905, [a] also known as the First Russian Revolution, [b] was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, the country's first.
Alexandr Martynov (Alexandr Martinov; also, Aleksandr Samoilovich Pikker; [1] [note 1]) (Russian: Александр Самойлович Мартынов) (12 December 1865 – 5 June 1935) was a leading Menshevik politician before the Russian Revolution of 1917, and for a few years after the revolution a critic of Leon Trotsky's theory of permanent revolution (1923).
Reed's papers, the material from which he intended to write his book, were seized. He was released upon his own recognizance after his attorney, Morris Hillquit, promised to make him available at the Federal Building the next day. [43] His papers were not returned to him until November.
During the Russian Revolution a movement was initiated to put all arts to service of the dictatorship of the proletariat. The instrument for this was created just days before the October Revolution, known as Proletkult, an abbreviation for "Proletarskie kulturno-prosvetitelnye organizatsii" (Proletarian Cultural and Enlightenment Organizations).
The essay was harshly critical of the purported revolutionary failings of Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev, two key members of the collective leadership which briefly ruled Soviet Russia in the months after the death of V. I. Lenin. Publication of the essay was used as a pretext for the Soviet leadership to isolate and attack Trotsky, whom the ...
Though later personally critical of Joseph Stalin, he refused to publicly criticize the Union itself, and maintained a pro-Soviet stance for the rest of his life. [4] Before his death, Williams wrote, "If I have remained true to the Revolution and still look forward to the final triumph of socialism in the world, it is because, like Lenin, I do ...