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The first comprehensive draft of a grid layout for CSS was created by Phil Cupp at Microsoft in 2011 and implemented in Internet Explorer 10 behind a -ms-vendor prefix.The syntax was restructured and further refined through several iterations in the CSS Working Group, led primarily by Elika Etemad and Tab Atkins Jr.
CSS Flexible Box Layout, commonly known as Flexbox, [2] is a CSS web layout model. [4] It is in the W3C 's candidate recommendation (CR) stage. [ 2 ] The flex layout allows responsive elements within a container to be automatically arranged depending on viewport (device screen) size.
The Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) specification describes how elements of web pages are displayed by graphical browsers. Section 4 of the CSS1 specification defines a "formatting model" that gives block-level elements—such as p and blockquote—a width and height, and three levels of boxes surrounding it: padding, borders, and margins. [4]
Bootstrap (formerly Twitter Bootstrap) is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains HTML , CSS and (optionally) JavaScript -based design templates for typography , forms , buttons , navigation , and other interface components.
Some grid systems specify fixed-width elements with pixels, and some are 'fluid', meaning that they call for page element sizing to be in relative units like percentages, rather than absolute units like pixels or points. [2] The W3C published the CSS Grid Layout Module Level 1 to define a two-dimensional grid-based layout system. [3]
Modal windows are sometimes called heavy windows or modal dialogs because they often display a dialog box. User interfaces typically use modal windows to command user awareness and to display emergency states, though interaction designers argue they are ineffective for that use. [1] Modal windows are prone to mode errors. [1] [2] [3]
Mouse events. [3] [4] Keyboard events. HTML frame/object events. HTML form events. User interface events. Mutation events (notification of any changes to the structure of a document). Progress events [5] (used by XMLHttpRequest and File API [6]). Note that the event classification above is not exactly the same as W3C's classification.
W3Schools is a freemium educational website for learning coding online. [1] [2] Initially released in 1998, it derives its name from the World Wide Web but is not affiliated with the W3 Consortium. [3] [4] [unreliable source] W3Schools offers courses covering many aspects of web development. [5] W3Schools also publishes free HTML templates.