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Interferon regulatory factors (IRF) are proteins which regulate transcription of interferons (see regulation of gene expression). [1] Interferon regulatory factors contain a conserved N-terminal region of about 120 amino acids, which folds into a structure that binds specifically to the IRF-element (IRF-E) motifs, which is located upstream of the interferon genes. [2]
Interferon regulatory factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF5 gene. [5] The IRF family is a group of transcription factors that are involved in signaling for virus responses in mammals along with regulation of certain cellular functions.
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) also known as MUM1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF4 gene. [5] [6] [7] IRF4 functions as a key regulatory transcription factor in the development of human immune cells. [8] [9] The expression of IRF4 is essential for the differentiation of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes as well as certain ...
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) also known as interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF8 gene. [5] [6] [7] IRF8 is a transcription factor that plays critical roles in the regulation of lineage commitment and in myeloid cell maturation including the decision for a common myeloid progenitor (CMP) to differentiate into a ...
Interferon regulatory factor 1 was the first member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family identified. Initially described as a transcription factor able to activate expression of the cytokine Interferon beta, [6] IRF-1 was subsequently shown to function as a transcriptional activator or repressor of a variety of target genes.
[71] [72] [73] The purification of human beta interferon did not occur until 1977. Y.H. Tan and his co-workers purified and produced biologically active, radio-labeled human beta interferon by superinducing the interferon gene in fibroblast cells, and they showed its active site contains tyrosine residues.
IRF3 is a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family. [5] IRF3 was originally discovered as a homolog of IRF1 and IRF2.IRF3 has been further characterized and shown to contain several functional domains including a nuclear export signal, a DNA-binding domain, a C-terminal IRF association domain and several regulatory phosphorylation sites. [6]
16363 Ensembl ENSG00000168310 ENSMUSG00000031627 UniProt P14316 P23906 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002199 NM_008391 RefSeq (protein) NP_002190 NP_032417 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 184.39 – 184.47 Mb Chr 8: 47.19 – 47.3 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Interferon regulatory factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF2 gene. Function IRF2 encodes interferon ...