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Gulch – Deep V-shaped valley formed by erosion; Gully – Landform created by running water and/or mass movement eroding sharply into soil; Hogback – Long, narrow ridge; Hoodoo – Tall, thin spire of relatively soft rock usually topped by harder rock; Homoclinal ridge – Ridge with a moderate sloping backslope and steeper frontslope
Foreground shows corals truncated by erosion; behind the geologist is a post-erosion coral pillar which grew on the surface after sea level rose again. In geology and geomorphology, an erosion surface is a surface of rock or regolith that was formed by erosion [1] and not by construction (e.g. lava flows, sediment deposition [1]) nor fault ...
Gully erosion may also advance laterally through similar methods, including mass movement, acting on the gully walls (banks), and the development of 'branches' (a type of tributary). Gullies reduce the productivity of farmlands where they incise into the land and produce sediment that may choke downstream waterbodies and reduce water quality ...
Differential erosion – Erosion that occurs at irregular or varying rates, caused by the differences in the resistance and hardness of surface materials; softer and weaker rocks are rapidly worn away, whereas harder and more resistant rocks remain to form ridges, hills, or mountains. Differential erosion, along with the tectonic setting, are ...
Erosion and changes in the form of river banks may be measured by inserting metal rods into the bank and marking the position of the bank surface along the rods at different times. [23] Thermal erosion is the result of melting and weakening permafrost due to moving water. [24] It can occur both along rivers and at the coast.
A disconformity is an unconformity between parallel layers of sedimentary rocks which represents a period of erosion or non-deposition. [3] Disconformities are marked by features of subaerial erosion. This type of erosion can leave channels and paleosols in the rock record. [4]
Headward erosion is erosion at the origin of a stream channel, which causes the origin to move back away from the direction of the stream flow, lengthening the stream channel. [1] It can also refer to the widening of a canyon by erosion along its very top edge, when sheets of water first enter the canyon from a more roughly planar surface above ...
A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion. Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. [1] Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout , gill or ghyll, glen, gorge, kloof (South Africa), and chine (Isle of Wight)