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A 2014 report by the National Research Council identified two main causes of the increase in the United States' incarceration rate over the previous 40 years: longer prison sentences and increases in the likelihood of imprisonment. The same report found that longer prison sentences were the main driver of increasing incarceration rates since 1990.
Indeed, the mere number of sentences imposed here would not place the United States at the top of the incarceration lists. If lists were compiled based on annual admissions to prison per capita, several European countries would outpace the United States. But American prison stays are much longer, so the total incarceration rate is higher."
On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. [7] [8] Total U.S. incarceration peaked in 2008. [5] The U.S. incarceration rate was the highest in the world in 2008. [4] It is no longer the highest rate. [9] The United States has one of the highest rates of female incarceration. [10]
The United States has the highest prison and jail population (2,121,600 in adult facilities in 2016) as well as the highest incarceration rate in the world (655 per 100,000 population in 2016). [ 5 ] [ 130 ] [ 131 ] According to the World Prison Population List (11th edition) there were around 10.35 million people in penal institutions ...
In the United States, the relationship between race and crime has been a topic of public controversy and scholarly debate for more than a century. [1] Crime rates vary significantly between racial groups; however, academic research indicates that the over-representation of some racial minorities in the criminal justice system can in part be explained by socioeconomic factors, [2] [3] such as ...
The issues that plague the criminal justice system -- overcrowding, prison reform, mental illness and diminishing funds, racial bias -- are not new, but they have become more burdensome over time.
Overall, 25 U.S. states and three nations — El Salvador, Cuba, and Rwanda — have incarceration rates even higher than the national incarceration rate of the United States, according to the report.
The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world (which includes pre-trial detainees and sentenced prisoners). [59] As of 2009, 2.3 million people were incarcerated in the United States, including federal and state prisons and local jails, creating an incarceration rate of 793 persons per 100,000 of national population. [59]