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For example, one could define a dictionary having a string "toast" mapped to the integer 42 or vice versa. The keys in a dictionary must be of an immutable Python type, such as an integer or a string, because under the hood they are implemented via a hash function. This makes for much faster lookup times, but requires keys not change.
Python makes a distinction between lists and tuples. Lists are written as [1, 2, 3], are mutable, and cannot be used as the keys of dictionaries (dictionary keys must be immutable in Python). Tuples, written as (1, 2, 3), are immutable and thus can be used as keys of dictionaries, provided all of the tuple's elements are immutable.
In computer science, a trie (/ ˈ t r aɪ /, / ˈ t r iː /), also known as a digital tree or prefix tree, [1] is a specialized search tree data structure used to store and retrieve strings from a dictionary or set.
The standard dictd [7] server made by the DICT Development Group [1] uses a special dict file format. It comprises two files, a .index file and a .dict file (or .dict.dz if compressed). These files are usually generated by a program called dictfmt. For example, the Unix command:
The Python programming language has a builtin plistlib module to read and write plist files, in Apple's XML or in binary (since Python 3.4). [28] ProperTree is a cross-platform editor that makes use of this library.
StarDict, developed by Hu Zheng (胡正), is a free GUI released under the GPL-3.0-or-later license for accessing StarDict dictionary files (a dictionary shell). It is the successor of StarDic, developed by Ma Su'an (馬蘇安), continuing its version numbers.
Free and open-source software portal; Scapy is a packet manipulation tool for computer networks, [3] [4] originally written in Python by Philippe Biondi. It can forge or decode packets, send them on the wire, capture them, and match requests and replies.
The concepts and ideas here are covered with several examples to help connect theory to practice. Why was this written? We expect that for the interested reader, this book would be among the first of many books or blogs that you would read on Python. There is also a list of references towards the end of the book which we trust you may find useful.