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Bertolotti's syndrome is characterized by sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. It involves a total or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum, leading to the formation of a transitional 5th lumbar vertebra.
52 year old male with a degenerative spondylolisthesis at L5 - S1. (A) CT sagittal view of a low grade slip. (B) Lateral radiograph pre-operative intervention. - (C) Surgically treated with L5 - S1 decompression, instrumented fusion and placement of an interbody graft between L5 and S1.
Spondylolisthesis is when one spinal vertebra slips out of place compared to another. [1] While some medical dictionaries define spondylolisthesis specifically as the forward or anterior displacement of a vertebra over the vertebra inferior to it (or the sacrum), [2] [3] it is often defined in medical textbooks as displacement in any direction.
The vast majority of spondylolysis occur in the lumbar vertebrae, however it can also be seen in cervical vertebrae. [2] The lumbar vertebra consist of a body, pedicle, lamina, pars interarticularis, transverse process, spinous process and superior and inferior articular facets, which form joints that link the vertebrae together. When examining ...
Physically demanding jobs, contact sports and being overweight can increase risk of developing lumbar spondylosis. Lumbar spondylosis diagnosis can be made by physical exam, symptom tracking, MRI ...
Retrolisthesis can be classified as a form of spondylolisthesis, since spondylolisthesis is often defined in the literature as displacement in any direction. [1] [2] Yet, medical dictionaries usually define spondylolisthesis specifically as the forward or anterior displacement of a vertebra over the vertebra inferior to it (or the sacrum).
Sturm and Garcia break down their top-recommended daily core exercises for women to build strength and reap all the benefits of a tight midsection. 1. Planks. Shutterstock
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