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The Albert system refers to a system of clarinet keywork and fingering developed by Eugène Albert. In the United Kingdom, it is known as the simple system. It has been largely replaced by the Boehm system and Oehler system. Big Band musician Jimmy Dorsey used a clarinet outfitted with the Albert system.
Nonetheless, recorder fingerings vary widely between models and are mutable even for a single recorder: recorder players may use three or more fingerings for the same note along with partial covering of the holes to achieve proper intonation, in coordination with the breath or in faster passages where some fingerings are unavailable. This chart ...
Fingering charts can be found for example in this reference. [ 1 ] In the case of finger systems for the clarinet, which are based on the Oehler system, one speaks today mostly of the German system , and of finger systems that are based on the Boehm system (clarinet) , of the French system.
Cross-fingering is any fingering, "requiring a closed hole or holes below an open one." [ 9 ] "Opening successive tone holes in woodwind instruments shortens the standing wave in the bore. However, the standing wave propagates past the first open hole, so its frequency can be affected by closing other tone holes further downstream.
The fingering system for the saxophone closely resembles the Boehm system. A key system inspired by Boehm's for the clarinet family is also known as the "Boehm system", although it was developed by Hyacinthe Klosé and not Boehm himself. The Boehm system was also adapted for a small number of flageolets.
The xaphoon's fingerings, however, are significantly different from those of either a saxophone or recorder. The most common instrument, in C, is 12.5 inches or 32 cm long. Due to having a closed bore instead of an open bore like a recorder , its range is an octave below recorders of comparable length; for example, the soprano recorder's lowest ...
Woodwind Fingering charts; New Sounds for Flute by Mats Möller; Guide How to Prepare a Guitar on hypercustom.com; The Orchestra: A User's Manual by Andrew Hugill with The Philharmonia Orchestra. Includes definitions, descriptions and video interviews of extended techniques for most all common orchestral instruments.
This tubular instrument gradually broadens towards the lower end. It usually has between six and nine holes. It employs one set of quadruple reeds, making it a quadruple reed woodwind. To master the instrument, the musician must employ various and intricate embouchure and fingering techniques. [2]