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(1) Every nation, nationality and people has an unconditional right to self-determination including the right to secession. (2) Every nation, nationality and people in Ethiopia has the right to speak, to write and to develop its own language; to express and to promote its culture; and to preserve its history .
These include Arabic script for writing some Ethiopian languages spoken by Muslim populations [26] [27] and Sheikh Bakri Sapalo's script for Oromo. [28] Today, many Cushitic, Omotic, and Nilo-Saharan languages are written in Roman/Latin script.
In 2003, Ethiopia passed a new nationality statute, replacing the 1930 Nationality Law, which had been in force for seven decades. [93] The 2003 Nationality Proclamation eliminated gender inequalities in the previous legislation allowing children to derive nationality from either parent and spouses to equally attain Ethiopian nationality. [94]
It has also been used to write Sebat Bet and other Gurage languages and at least 20 other languages of Ethiopia. In Eritrea it has traditionally been used for Tigre and just recently for Bilen. The Geʽez script has also recently been used to write Anuak, and used in limited extent to write some other Nilo-Saharan Nilotic languages, including ...
Afro-Asiatic languages were present in Africa and the Middle East by the eighth to sixth millennium BCE. This language family includes various modern and extinct African and Asian languages such as Oromo, Somali, Egyptian, Berber, Hausa, Hebrew, Arabic, Aramaic, and Akkadian.
Harari is an Ethiopian Semitic language spoken by the Harari people of Ethiopia. Old Harari is a literary language of the city of Harar, a central hub of Islam in Horn of Africa. [5] According to the 2007 Ethiopian census, it is spoken by 25,810 people. Harari is closely related to the Eastern Gurage languages, Zay, and Silt'e, all of whom are ...
Although it is widely spoken by Aari people, literacy in the language is low. [4] An orthography has been developed and rolled out in local schools; today, all schools in the two districts where it is spoken teach Aari writing and literature as a subject. An Aari-English-Amharic dictionary has also been published. [5]
In education, however, Afar speakers prefer Arabic – which many of them speak as a second language – as the language of instruction. [4] In the Afar Region of Ethiopia, Afar is also recognized as an official working language. [5] Since 2020, Afar is one of the five official working languages of Ethiopia. [6]