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2. Coleman fuel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleman_fuel

   The white gas sold today is a similar product but is produced at refineries and has a very low benzene content, benzene being a human carcinogen. [ 5 ] Though Coleman fuel has an octane rating of 50 to 55 and a flammability similar to gasoline, it has none of the additives found in modern gasoline .

3. Naphtha - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphtha

   White gas, exemplified by Coleman Camp Fuel, is a common naphtha-based fuel used in many lanterns and stoves.. The word naphtha comes from Latin through Ancient Greek (νάφθα), derived from Middle Persian naft ("wet", "naphtha"), [3] [4] the latter meaning of which was an assimilation from the Akkadian 𒉌𒆳𒊏 napṭu (see Semitic relatives such as Arabic نَفْط nafṭ ["petroleum ...

4. Kerosene - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene

   Kerosene is commonly used in metal extraction as the diluent, for example in copper extraction by LIX-84 it can be used in mixer settlers. [56] Kerosene is used as a diluent in the PUREX extraction process, but it is increasingly being supplanted by dodecane and other artificial hydrocarbons such as TPH (Hydrogenated Propylene Trimer ...

5. Petroleum naphtha - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_naphtha

   Petroleum naphtha is an intermediate hydrocarbon liquid stream derived from the refining of crude oil [1] [2] [3] with CAS-no 64742-48-9. [4] It is most usually desulfurized and then catalytically reformed, which rearranges or restructures the hydrocarbon molecules in the naphtha as well as breaking some of the molecules into smaller molecules to produce a high-octane component of gasoline (or ...

6. Adiabatic flame temperature - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_flame_temperature

   Assuming initial atmospheric conditions (1 bar and 20 °C), the following table [1] lists the flame temperature for various fuels under constant pressure conditions. The temperatures mentioned here are for a stoichiometric fuel-oxidizer mixture (i.e. equivalence ratio φ = 1).

7. Heating oil - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heating_oil

   Heating oil consists of a mixture of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons in the 14- to 20-carbon atom range that condense between 250 and 350 °C (482 and 662 °F) during oil refining. Heating oil condenses at a lower temperature than petroleum jelly , bitumen , candle wax , and lubricating oil , but at a higher temperature than kerosene , which ...