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A pediatric concussion can lead to an immediate or delayed onset of symptoms. [12] Immediate onset of symptoms includes physical impacts, such as dizziness, headache, anterograde or retrograde amnesia, loss of consciousness, vomiting and more. [1] Delayed onset of symptoms may occur a few hours or days after the injury.
Second-impact syndrome (SIS) occurs when the brain swells rapidly, and catastrophically, after a person has a second concussion before symptoms from an earlier one have subsided. This second blow may occur minutes, days, or weeks after an initial concussion, [1] and even the mildest grade of concussion can lead to second impact syndrome. [2]
[1] [9] Concussion should be suspected if a person indirectly or directly hits their head and experiences any of the symptoms of concussion. [9] Symptoms of a concussion may be delayed by 1–2 days after the accident. It is not unusual for symptoms to last 2 weeks in adults and 4 weeks in children.
What one dad learned from his daughter's head injury.
A diagnosis may be made when symptoms resulting from concussion last for more than three months after the injury. [8] [9] [6] Loss of consciousness is not required for a diagnosis of concussion or post-concussion syndrome. [10]
A concussion can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, headaches and memory problems. But concussions are treatable. The usual treatment is rest — for the body and the brain.
1–24 hours – the injury is moderate in severity and full recovery is expected. The patient may experience some minor post-concussive symptoms (e.g. headaches, dizziness). 1–7 days – the injury is severe, and recovery may take weeks to months.
It is unknown exactly how long after a TBI a person is at higher risk for seizures than the rest of the population, but estimates have suggested lengths of 10 to over 15 years. [5] For most people with TBI, seizures do not occur after three months, and only 20–25% of people with TBI have PTS more than two years after the injury. [9]