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Figure 1: Logic diagram for a half subtractor. The half subtractors can be designed through the combinational Boolean logic circuits [2] as shown in Figure 1 and 2.The half subtractor is a combinational circuit which is used to perform subtraction of two bits.
For example, the part of an arithmetic logic unit, or ALU, that does mathematical calculations is constructed using combinational logic. Other circuits used in computers, such as half adders, full adders, half subtractors, full subtractors, multiplexers, demultiplexers, encoders and decoders are also made by using combinational logic.
The adder–subtractor above could easily be extended to include more functions. For example, a 2-to-1 multiplexer could be introduced on each B i that would switch between zero and B i; this could be used (in conjunction with D = 1) to yield the two's complement of A since −A = A + 1.
With the addition of an OR gate to combine their carry outputs, two half adders can be combined to make a full adder. [2] The half adder adds two input bits and generates a carry and sum, which are the two outputs of a half adder. The input variables of a half adder are called the augend and addend bits. The output variables are the sum and carry.
For example, a CPU starts an addition operation by routing the operands from their sources (typically processor registers) to the ALU's operand inputs, while simultaneously applying a value to the ALU's opcode input that configures it to perform an addition operation. At the same time, the CPU enables the destination register to store the ALU ...
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