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  2. Luna (goddess) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_(goddess)

    In Sabine and ancient Roman religion and myth, Luna is the divine embodiment of the Moon (Latin Lūna [ˈɫ̪uːnä]). She is often presented as the female complement of the Sun, Sol, conceived of as a god. Luna is also sometimes represented as an aspect of the Roman triple goddess (diva triformis), along with Diana and either Proserpina or Hecate.

  3. List of Roman emperors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors

    Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]

  4. Claudius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudius

    As a consequence of Roman customs, society, and personal preference, Claudius' full name varied throughout his life: . Tiberius Claudius D. f. Ti. n. Drusus, the cognomen Drusus being inherited from his father as his brother Germanicus, as the eldest son, inherited the cognomen Nero when their uncle the future Emperor Tiberius was adopted by Augustus into the Julii Caesares and the victory ...

  5. Caligula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligula

    Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August 12 – 24 January 41), better known by his nickname Caligula (/ k ə ˈ l ɪ ɡ j ʊ l ə /), was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Augustus' granddaughter Agrippina the Elder, members of the first ruling family of the Roman ...

  6. Crescent and star (symbol) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crescent_and_star_(symbol)

    The moon-goddess Selene is commonly depicted with a crescent moon, often accompanied by two stars ... Coin of Roman Emperor Hadrian (r. 117–138). The reverse shows ...

  7. Roman calendar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_calendar

    The original Roman calendar is usually believed to have been an observational lunar calendar [2] whose months ended and began from the new moon. [3] [4] Because a lunar cycle is about 29.5 days long, such months would have varied between 29 and 30 days. [5]

  8. Sol Invictus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sol_Invictus

    Coin depicting Sol / crescent moon and seven stars. According to some scholars, the emperor Aurelian instituted in AD 274 the festival Dies Natalis Solis Invicti ('birthday of the Invincible Sun') on 25 December, [44] the date of the winter solstice in the Roman calendar. [45] In Rome, this yearly festival was celebrated with thirty chariot ...

  9. Sun and Moon allegory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_and_moon_allegory

    The Sun and Moon allegory is used to depict a medieval political theory of hierocracy which submits the secular power to the spiritual power, stating that the Bishop of Rome is like the Sun, the only source of his own light, while the Emperor is like the Moon, which merely reflects lights and has no value without the Sun.