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The Italian Constitution of 1948 implements it at articles 10 and 117. 17 March 1861: Italian unification: 25 April 1945: Disestablishment of the German-backed Italian Social Republic, whereby the unity and independence of the Italian state was restored Kosovo: 17 February 2008: Kosovo Republic founded 2008 Kosovan-Serbian War: 2008 Kosovo War ...
Political map of Italy in the year 1843. Following the defeat of Napoleon's France, the Congress of Vienna (1815) was convened to redraw the European continent. In Italy, the Congress restored the pre-Napoleonic patchwork of independent governments, either directly ruled or strongly influenced by the prevailing European powers, particularly ...
Italian Fascism is based upon Italian nationalism and in particular, seeks to complete what it considers as the incomplete project of Risorgimento by incorporating Italia Irredenta (unredeemed Italy) into the state of Italy. [186] [187] To the east of Italy, the Fascists claimed that Dalmatia was a land of Italian culture. [188]
1860 – March 20: Sardinia annexes central Italian states by giving Nice and Savoy to the French, now only four states remain in Italy: Austrians in Venetia, the Papal States, the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies February 18: Victor Emmanuel II assumes title of King of Italy with an Italian parliament under him
Italy has 1,371 endemic plant species and subspecies, [143] which include Sicilian fir, Barbaricina columbine, Sea marigold, Lavender cotton, and Ucriana violet. Italy is a signatory to the Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats and the Habitats Directive. Italy has many botanical and historic gardens. [144]
The Irish Free State was created with Dominion status in 1922, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty. In 1937, a new constitution was adopted, in which the state was named "Ireland" and effectively became a republic, with an elected non-executive president. It was officially declared a republic in 1949, following The Republic of Ireland Act 1948.
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 2 June 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic. The state resulted from a decades-long process ...
The following articles cover the modern history of Italy: Italian unification (1815–1861) History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) Italian Fascism; Italian Colonial Empire; History of the Italian Republic (1945 to present) Years of Lead (Italy) (1969–1988) Berlusconi era (2001 to present)