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Dabrafenib is indicated as a single agent for the treatment of people with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation. [2] Dabrafenib is indicated, in combination with trametinib, for BRAF V600E-positive unresectable or metastatic melanoma, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer, and unresectable or metastatic solid tumors.
When taken in combination with dabrafenib the most common side effects include fever, tiredness, nausea, chills, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, joint pain and rash. [5] In May 2013, trametinib was approved as a single-agent by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of people with V600E mutated metastatic melanoma.
After good results in 2014, the combination was submitted to the European Medical Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration for marketing approval. [21] In January 2015, trial results compared vemurafenib with the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib for metastatic melanoma. [22]
Maropitant (INN; [3] brand name: Cerenia, used as maropitant citrate , is a neurokinin-1 (NK 1) receptor antagonist developed by Zoetis specifically for the treatment of motion sickness and vomiting in dogs. It was approved by the FDA in 2007, for use in dogs [4] [5] and in 2012, for cats. [6]
In pharmacology, biological activity or pharmacological activity describes the beneficial or adverse effects of a drug on living matter. [1] [2] When a drug is a complex chemical mixture, this activity is exerted by the substance's active ingredient or pharmacophore but can be modified by the other constituents.
The death of the fetus can occur from the immune system's reaction to the fetus through the examination of its mechanism in animal studies. [5] Dostarlimab is a human immunoglobulin G (IgG4), which could permeate through the placental barrier. [5] This may risk harm to the developing fetus as the drug may be passed on from the mother. [5]
Common adverse effects of the eye formulation include conjunctival hemorrhage, eye pain, cataract, vitreous detachment, floaters, and ocular hypertension. [13]Aflibercept (Zaltrap) has adverse effects typical of anti-cancer drugs, such as reduced blood cell count (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia), gastrointestinal disorders like diarrhea and abdominal pain, and fatigue.
Most of the other contraindications are avoiding cases where a potential side effect exacerbates a pre-existing condition: for example, because oclacitinib can cause lumps or tumors, it should not be used in dogs with cancer or a history of it; [15] because it is an immune system suppressant, it should not be used in dogs with serious infections.