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There’s no evidence of any violence between Neanderthals and modern humans, Nowell adds; few researchers today seem to believe that Homo sapiens was hunting down Neanderthals. A higher infant...
Both fossil and genetic evidence indicate that Neanderthals and modern humans (Homo sapiens) evolved from a common ancestor between 700,000 and 300,000 years ago.
Analyzing ancient samples from modern humans, and tracing how they gained and lost Neanderthal genes over time, would tell a more complete evolutionary story about the origin of the Neanderthal genes that persist today.
Neanderthals and humans interbred multiple times, and we’ve got some Neanderthal DNA in our genomes. Scientists have tracked what some of those genes do, and it offers a broad glimpse at some Neanderthal traits.
Now, a study of ancient DNA turns the tables on Neanderthals and asks: What did they get from us? A paper this week in Science concludes Neanderthals inherited as much as 10% of their genome from modern humans, including several genes involved in brain development.
Up to 4 percent of the DNA of humans living outside of Africa, the cradle of Homo sapiens, can be traced back to Neanderthals. That overlap shows that Neanderthals did interbreed with humans.
Our data provide insights into the genetic legacy of recurrent gene flow between modern humans and Neanderthals. Studies of ancient DNA have shown that admixture among modern humans (Homo sapiens), Neanderthals, and Denisovans has played a prominent role in hominin evolutionary history (1).