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Myofilaments are the three protein filaments of myofibrils in muscle cells. The main proteins involved are myosin, actin, and titin. Myosin and actin are the contractile proteins and titin is an elastic protein.
Myofilaments are the protein filaments which make up myofibrils. They are arranged into repeating contractile units called sarcomeres, which are connected in-series along the length of a myofibril. There are three main types of myofilaments; thick, thin and elastic.
In this review the processes of myocardial relaxation and the myofilament mechanisms significant to modulate cardiac diastolic function in physiological and pathological states are summarized with a specific emphasis on the human ventricular muscle.
Myofilaments are threadlike structures that comprise the myofibril inside the muscle cell (or muscle fiber). There are two main types of myofilaments: (1) thin filaments and (2) thick filaments. In a skeletal muscle, the myofilaments are arranged in a repeating pattern of light and dark bands.
The contractile proteins in cardiac muscle, like skeletal muscle, are arranged in longitudinal bundles called myofibrils. In cardiac muscle, these myofibrils are adjacent to rows of mitochondria. The myofibrils are typically 1 μm across and span the distance from one end of the cell to the other.
Myofibrils are composed of smaller structures called myofilaments. There are two main types of myofilaments: thick filaments and thin filaments. Thick filaments are composed primarily of myosin proteins, the tails of which bind together leaving the heads exposed to the interlaced thin filaments.
The sarcomere is the main contractile unit of muscle fiber in the skeletal muscle. Each sarcomere is composed of protein filaments (myofilaments) that include mainly the thick filaments called myosin, and thin filaments called actin. The bundles of myofilaments are called myofibrils.
The myofibrils are bundles of interconnected protein filaments of striated muscles. The filaments (myofilaments) included in the myofibrils are mainly thick filaments (myosin), and thin filaments (actin). The contractile functional unit of the myofibril is called the sarcomere.
The sarcomere, composed of myofilaments, is the fundamental contractile unit of striated skeletal and cardiac muscle. 1 Myofilaments, occupying 70% of heart tissue are composed of thick and thin filament proteins.
The myofilaments are the contractile proteins in the myofibers that are arranged into groups that cause the cytoplasm to appear repetitively banded (or striated). Distinct bands termed intercalated disks (Fig. 2.30A) are a unique finding in cardiac muscle.