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Red-fruited raspberries European Rubus idaeus raspberry fruits on the plant. The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. [1] The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems. [2]
Halved raspberry Raspberry dessert with fresh cheese and honey. Rubus idaeus (raspberry, also called red raspberry or occasionally European red raspberry to distinguish it from other raspberry species) is a red-fruited species of Rubus native to Europe and northern Asia and commonly cultivated in other temperate regions. [3] [4]
However, this name is not used for those like the raspberry that grow as upright canes, or for trailing or prostrate species, such as most dewberries, or various low-growing boreal, arctic, or alpine species. The scientific study of brambles is known as "batology". "Bramble" comes from Old English bræmbel, a variant of bræmel. [5]
Rubus strigosus, the American red raspberry or American raspberry, is a species of Rubus native to much of North America. It was often treated as a variety or subspecies of the closely related Eurasian Rubus idaeus (red raspberry or European red raspberry), [ 1 ] [ 2 ] but is now more commonly treated as a distinct species.
Rubus phoenicolasius (Japanese wineberry, [2] wine raspberry, [3] wineberry or dewberry) is an Asian species of raspberry (Rubus subgenus Idaeobatus) in the rose family, native to China, Japan, and Korea. The species was introduced to Europe and North America as an ornamental plant and for its potential in breeding hybrid raspberries.
Rubus occidentalis is a species of Rubus native to eastern North America. Its common name black raspberry is shared with other closely related species. Other names occasionally used include bear's eye blackberry, black cap, black cap raspberry, [3] [4] and scotch cap. [5]
Rubus leucodermis is a deciduous shrub growing to 0.5–2.5 metres (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 –8 feet), with prickly shoots. [5] While the crown is perennial, the canes are biennial, growing vegetatively one year, flowering and fruiting the second, and then dying.
The yellow Himalayan raspberry is a threat to native flora because it can outcompete other plants. More specifically, it has higher photosynthetic rates, higher nitrogen fixation rates, and therefore a higher photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (or PNUE). [17] The yellow Himalayan raspberry is currently only invasive on Hawaii. [12]