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Cerebral atherosclerosis is a type of atherosclerosis where build-up of plaque in the blood vessels of the brain occurs. Some of the main components of the plaques are connective tissue, extracellular matrix, including collagen, proteoglycans, fibronectin, and elastic fibers; crystalline cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, and phospholipids; cells such as monocyte derived macrophages, T ...
Collagen is also abundant in corneas, blood vessels, the gut, intervertebral discs, and the dentin in teeth. [3] In muscle tissue, it serves as a major component of the endomysium. Collagen constitutes 1% to 2% of muscle tissue and 6% by weight of skeletal muscle. [4] The fibroblast is the most common cell creating collagen in animals.
Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain (COL4A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A1 gene on chromosome 13. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. [ 7 ] COL4A1 is a subunit of the type IV collagen and plays a role in angiogenesis . [ 8 ]
An elastic artery (conducting artery or conduit artery) is an artery with many collagen and elastin filaments in the tunica media, which gives it the ability to stretch in response to each pulse. [1] This elasticity also gives rise to the Windkessel effect , which helps to maintain a relatively constant pressure in the arteries despite the ...
The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord, are composed of connective tissue. Most types of connective tissue consists of three main components: elastic and collagen fibers, ground substance, and cells. [2] Blood, and lymph are classed as specialized fluid connective tissues that do not contain fiber.
The primary sites of end-target organ damage following an increase in arterial stiffness are the heart, the brain (stroke, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs)), the placenta, and the kidneys (age-related loss of kidney function). [21] Firstly, stiffened arteries compromise the Windkessel effect of the arteries. [22]
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This (Gly-X-Y)n sequence is repeated 343 times in the type III collagen molecule. Proline or hydroxyproline is often found in the X- and Y-position giving the triple helix stability. In addition to being an integral structural component of many organs, type III collagen is also an important regulator of the diameter of type I and II collagen ...
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