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Certain prokinetic drugs such as cisapride, renzapride and metoclopramide, although not 5-HT 3 antagonists proper, possess some weak antagonist effect at the 5-HT 3 receptor. Galanolactone, a diterpenoid found in ginger, is a 5-HT 3 antagonist and is believed to at least partially mediate the anti-emetic activity of this plant.
Metopimazine is an approved prescription drug in France under the brand name Vogalene® [8] that has been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. [9] Vogalene® is available under different forms, including 15 mg capsules, 7.5 mg orally disintegrating tablets, 5 mg suppository, 0.1% oral liquid, and a 10 mg/mL intravenous (IV) solution approved for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced ...
Ondansetron, sold under the brand name Zofran among others, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, migraines, or surgery. [8] It is also effective for treating gastroenteritis. [9] [10] It can be given orally (by mouth), intramuscularly (injection into a muscle), or intravenously ...
Prochlorperazine is a medication used to treat nausea, vomiting, and other conditions.
Metoclopramide is a medication used to treat nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. [5] It is also used to treat migraine headaches. [6]Common side effects include feeling tired, diarrhea, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia.
T-2328 is very potent; the inhibition constant is of subnanomolar range and is 16 times lower than that of aprepitant. The inhibition is highly selective for NK 1 receptors. The NK 2 and NK 3 receptors are also targets for novel classes of medications, and also show prominent antidepressive and anxiolytic effects. [ 21 ]
With respect to medications, pyridoxine or metoclopramide are preferred. [4] Prochlorperazine, dimenhydrinate, ondansetron (sold under the brand-name Zofran) or corticosteroids may be used if these are not effective. [3] [4] Hospitalization may be required due to the severe symptoms associated. [9] [3] Psychotherapy may improve outcomes. [3]
Metoclopramide, a dopamine D 2 receptor antagonist with possible other mechanisms, is an older drug that is sometimes used, either on its own or in combination with others. Histamine blockers such as diphenhydramine or meclozine may be used in rescue treatment.