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In children, hemoptysis is commonly caused by the presence of a foreign body in the airway. Other common causes include lung cancers and tuberculosis. Less common causes include aspergilloma, bronchiectasis, coccidioidomycosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumonic plague, and cystic fibrosis.
Ninety percent of nosebleeds (epistaxis) occur in Kiesselbach's plexus, whereas five to ten percent originate from Woodruff's plexus. [3] It is exposed to the drying effect of inhaled air. [3] It can also be damaged by trauma from a finger nail (nose picking), as it is fragile. [3] [4] It is the usual site for nosebleeds in children and young ...
A nosebleed, also known as epistaxis, is an instance of bleeding from the nose. [1] Blood can flow down into the stomach, and cause nausea and vomiting. [8] In more severe cases, blood may come out of both nostrils. [9] Rarely, bleeding may be so significant that low blood pressure occurs. [1]
Recurrent episodes are more likely in persons with asthma, cystic fibrosis, and immunodeficiency. [10] The diagnosis of sinusitis is based on the symptoms and their duration along with signs of disease identified by endoscopic and/or radiologic criteria. [11] Sinusitis is classified into acute sinusitis and chronic sinusitis.
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is an angiofibroma also known as juvenile nasal angiofibroma, fibromatous hamartoma, and angiofibromatous hamartoma of the nasal cavity. [3] It is a benign but locally aggressive vascular tumor of the nasopharynx that arises from the superior margin of the sphenopalatine foramen and grows in the back of the nasal cavity.
Periodic fever syndromes are a set of disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of systemic and organ-specific inflammation.Unlike autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, in which the disease is caused by abnormalities of the adaptive immune system, people with autoinflammatory diseases do not produce autoantibodies or antigen-specific T or B cells.
M. avium and M. haemophilum infections in children form a distinct clinical entity, not associated with abnormalities of the immune system. M. avium typically causes unilateral swelling of one of the lymph nodes of the neck. This node is firm at the beginning, but a 'collar-stud' abscess is formed eventually, which is a characteristic blue ...
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis syndrome is a medical condition, typically occurring in young children, in which high fever occurs periodically at intervals of about 3–5 weeks, frequently accompanied by aphthous-like ulcers, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (cervical lymphadenopathy). The syndrome was described ...