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The Lund and Browder chart is a tool useful in the management of burns for estimating the total body surface area affected. It was created by Dr. Charles Lund, Senior Surgeon at Boston City Hospital, and Dr. Newton Browder, based on their experiences in treating over 300 burn victims injured at the Cocoanut Grove fire in Boston in 1942.
The Wallace rule of nines is a tool used in pre-hospital and emergency medicine to estimate the total body surface area (BSA) affected by a burn.In addition to determining burn severity, the measurement of burn surface area is important for estimating patients' fluid requirements and determining hospital admission criteria.
The score is an index which takes into account the correlative and causal relationship between mortality and factors including advancing age, burn size, the presence of inhalational injury. [2] Studies have shown that the Baux score is highly correlative with length of stay in hospital due to burns and final outcome. [3]
Total body surface area (TBSA) is an assessment of injury to or disease of the skin, such as burns or psoriasis.. In adults, the Wallace rule of nines can be used to determine the total percentage of area burned for each major section of the body.
Burns that affect only the superficial skin layers are known as superficial or first-degree burns. [ 2 ] [ 11 ] They appear red without blisters, and pain typically lasts around three days. [ 2 ] [ 11 ] When the injury extends into some of the underlying skin layer, it is a partial-thickness or second-degree burn . [ 2 ]
For example, a person weighing 75 kg with burns to 20% of his or her body surface area would require 4 x 75 x 20 = 6,000 mL of fluid replacement within 24 hours. The first half of this amount is delivered within eight hours from the burn incident, and the remaining fluid is delivered in the next 16 hours.
The KFD can be administered as part of an assessment battery examining possible child abuse. The KFD was created as an extension of the Family Drawing Test (Burns & Kaufman, 1972). The kinetic aspect refers to the instructions given to the child to draw his or her family members doing something.
Abbreviated Injury Score-Code is on a scale of one to six, one being a minor injury and six being maximal (currently untreatable). [1] An AIS-Code of 6 is not the arbitrary code for a deceased patient or fatal injury, but the code for injuries specifically assigned an AIS 6 severity. [1]