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In World War I, aircraft were initially intended for aerial reconnaissance, however some pilots began to carry rifles in case they spotted enemy planes.Soon, planes were fitted with machine guns with a variety of mountings; initially the only guns were carried in the rear cockpit supplying defensive fire (this was employed by two-seat aircraft all through the war).
Elephant gun (Ad hoc use against sniper armour) Enfield Pattern P1914; Farquhar–Hill Pattern P1918 (Troop trials only) Farquharson M1872 [citation needed] Lee–Enfield Magazine Mk I; Lee–Enfield Short Magazine Mk I, Mk II and Mk III; Lee–Metford Mk I and Mk II; Lee–Speed No.1 and No.2; Mauser–Verqueiro M1904 (Used by South African units)
Out of a paper strength of about 230 aircraft belonging to the army in August 1914 only 180 or so were of any use. [6] The French military aviation exercises of 1911, 1912, and 1913 had pioneered cooperation with the cavalry (reconnaissance) and artillery (spotting), but the momentum was, if anything, slacking. [7]
Lacking an indigenous aviation industry, the Ottoman Empire primarily relied on Germany for aircraft, although a number of French pre-war aircraft were used in the early part of the war. The Ottoman Empire also operated two Avro 504 light fighter reconnaissance aircraft. Later on, they were used as trainer aircraft
Chemical weapons were deployed by all major belligerents throughout the war, inflicting approximately 1.3 million casualties, of which about 90,000 were fatal. [259] The use of chemical weapons in warfare was a direct violation of the 1899 Hague Declaration Concerning Asphyxiating Gases and the 1907 Hague Convention on Land Warfare, which ...
The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps (Military Wing). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-370-30084-X. Davis, Mick (1999). Sopwith Aircraft. Ramsbury, Marlborough, UK: Crowood Press. ISBN 1-86126217-5. Driver, Hugh (1997). The Birth of Military Aviation: Britain 1903-1914. Woodbridge: The Boydel Press for the Royal Historical Society. ISBN 0-86193234-X.
Leicht kampfwagen II [12] 1918 (light tank that was rarely used conducting escorts and never saw combat) Mannesmann Motoren und Lastwagen AG panzerkraftwagen [13] 1916 (armored truck) Nacke 3.5t 1913 (supply truck) Nacke 5t 1915 (supply truck) NSU 3 1.2 PS [14] 1914 (sidecar motorcycle) Opel 4t 1915 (supply truck) Porsche Generatorzugwagen [15 ...
During the Hungarian-Romanian War of 1919, the Romanian Army used an armored car of native design and construction. The car used the chassis of a commercial truck, possibly from one of the Renault trucks received in 1916. Presumably, the design and construction of this machine took place at the end of 1918 and were finished in 1919.