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Use of a write buffer in this manner frees the cache to service read requests while the write is taking place. It is especially useful for very slow main memory in that subsequent reads are able to proceed without waiting for long main memory latency.
A famous use of a book cipher is in the Beale ciphers, of which Document No. 2 uses (a variant printing of) the United States Declaration of Independence as the key text. In the American Revolution , Benedict Arnold used a book cipher, sometimes known as the Arnold Cipher , which used Sir William Blackstone 's Commentaries on the Laws of ...
Visualization of a software buffer overflow. Data is written into A, but is too large to fit within A, so it overflows into B.. In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations.
They use the default character encoding for the platform, which as of J2SE 5.0 is represented by the Charset returned by the java.nio.charset.Charset.defaultCharset() static method. The InputStreamReader class converts an InputStream to a Reader and the OutputStreamWriter class converts an OutputStream to a Writer .
Although many pages only use ASCII characters to display content, very few websites now declare their encoding to only be ASCII instead of UTF-8. [29] Virtually all countries and languages have 95% or more use of UTF-8 encodings on the web. Many standards only support UTF-8, e.g. JSON exchange requires it (without a byte-order mark (BOM)). [30]