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A premise or premiss [a] is a proposition—a true or false declarative statement—used in an argument to prove the truth of another proposition called the conclusion. [1] Arguments consist of a set of premises and a conclusion. An argument is meaningful for its conclusion only when all of its premises are true. If one or more premises are ...
The following is an example of an argument within the scope of propositional logic: Premise 1: If it's raining, then it's cloudy. Premise 2: It's raining. Conclusion: It's cloudy. The logical form of this argument is known as modus ponens, [39] which is a classically valid form. [40]
A valid logical argument is one in which the conclusion is entailed by the premises, because the conclusion is the consequence of the premises. The philosophical analysis of logical consequence involves the questions: In what sense does a conclusion follow from its premises? and What does it mean for a conclusion to be a consequence of premises ...
The systematic study of the form of valid inference, including the structures that allow or compel particular conclusions given certain premises. logic gate A physical device implementing a Boolean function, used in digital circuits to perform logical operations on one or more binary inputs to produce a single binary output. logical machine
An argument map or argument diagram is a visual representation of the structure of an argument.An argument map typically includes all the key components of the argument, traditionally called the conclusion and the premises, also called contention and reasons. [1]
A relation of inference is monotonic if the addition of premises does not undermine previously reached conclusions; otherwise the relation is non-monotonic. Deductive inference is monotonic: if a conclusion is reached on the basis of a certain set of premises, then that conclusion still holds if more premises are added.
Logic studies valid forms of inference like modus ponens. Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and ...
Argument terminology used in logic. In logic, an argument is a set of related statements expressing the premises (which may consists of non-empirical evidence, empirical evidence or may contain some axiomatic truths) and a necessary conclusion based on the relationship of the premises.