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On displays with a fixed refresh rate, a frame can only be shown on the screen at specific intervals, evenly spaced apart. If a new frame is not ready when that interval arrives, then the old frame is held on screen until the next interval (stutter) or a mixture of the old frame and the completed part of the new frame is shown ().
FreeSync is an adaptive synchronization technology that allows LCD and OLED displays to support a variable refresh rate aimed at avoiding tearing and reducing stuttering caused by misalignment between the screen's refresh rate and the content's frame rate.
Microsoft Windows 95 and Windows 98 (First and Second Editions) set the refresh rate to the highest rate that they believe the display supports. Windows NT-based operating systems, such as Windows 2000 and its descendants Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7, set the default refresh rate to a conservative rate, usually 60 Hz. Some fullscreen ...
Windows 10 Anniversary Update (version 1607) includes WDDM 2.1, which supports Shader Model 6.0 (mandatory for feature levels 12_0 and 12_1), [44] and DXGI 1.5 which supports HDR10 - a 10-bit high dynamic range, wide gamut format [45] defined by ITU-T Rec. 2100/Rec.2020 - and variable refresh rates. [46]
In these contexts, frame rate may be used interchangeably with frame frequency and refresh rate, which are expressed in hertz. Additionally, in the context of computer graphics performance, FPS is the rate at which a system, particularly a GPU , is able to generate frames, and refresh rate is the frequency at which a display shows completed ...
Front and rear views of the TVM MD-3 cathode-ray tube monitor (Enhanced Graphics Adapter era). Note the DE-9 connector, cryptic mode switch, contrast and brightness controls at front, and the V-Size and V-Hold knobs at rear, which allow the control of the scaling and signal to CRT refresh rate synchronization respectively.
640 × 480 @ 60 Hz is the default Windows graphics mode (usually with 16 colors), [26] up to Windows 2000. It remains an option in XP and later versions [ citation needed ] via the boot menu "low resolution video" option and per-application compatibility mode settings, despite newer versions of Windows now defaulting to 1024 × 768 and ...
DirectX Graphics Infrastructure (DXGI) [1] is a user-mode component of Microsoft Windows (for Windows Vista and above) which provides a mapping between particular graphics APIs such as Direct3D 10.0 and above (known in DXGI parlance as producers) and the graphics kernel, which in turn interfaces with the user-mode Windows Display Driver Model driver.