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The tuning application, for instance, is an example of band-pass filtering. The RLC filter is described as a second-order circuit, meaning that any voltage or current in the circuit can be described by a second-order differential equation in circuit analysis. The three circuit elements, R, L and C, can be combined in a number of different ...
The second-order logic without these restrictions is sometimes called full second-order logic to distinguish it from the monadic version. Monadic second-order logic is particularly used in the context of Courcelle's theorem, an algorithmic meta-theorem in graph theory. The MSO theory of the complete infinite binary tree is decidable.
The satisfiability problem for monadic second-order logic is undecidable in general because this logic subsumes first-order logic. The monadic second-order theory of the infinite complete binary tree, called S2S, is decidable. [8] As a consequence of this result, the following theories are decidable: The monadic second-order theory of trees.
In systems and control theory, the double integrator is a canonical example of a second-order control system. [1] It models the dynamics of a simple mass in one-dimensional space under the effect of a time-varying force input u {\displaystyle {\textbf {u}}} .
Multiple feedback topology circuit. Multiple feedback topology is an electronic filter topology which is used to implement an electronic filter by adding two poles to the transfer function. A diagram of the circuit topology for a second order low pass filter is shown in the figure on the right.
The tuning application, for instance, is an example of band-pass filtering. The RLC filter is described as a second-order circuit, meaning that any voltage or current in the circuit can be described by a second-order differential equation in circuit analysis. The three circuit elements can be combined in a number of different topologies. All ...
For example, a second-order Butterworth filter, which has maximally flat passband frequency response, has a of /. By comparison, a value of Q = 1 / 2 {\displaystyle Q=1/2} corresponds to the series cascade of two identical simple low-pass filters.
Figure 5 is the Bode gain plot for the two-pole amplifier in the range of frequencies up to the second pole position. The assumption behind Figure 5 is that the frequency f 0 dB lies between the lowest pole at f 1 = 1/(2πτ 1) and the second pole at f 2 = 1/(2πτ 2). As indicated in Figure 5, this condition is satisfied for values of α ≥ 1.