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Argyrol was an important treatment for ophthalmic infections and at least until 1943, was preferred over silver nitrate as well. [5] Found effective and reliable for treatment of a range of conditions in human and veterinary medicine, the sales of the drug brought in steady profits for decades.
Use of 1% tetracycline ointment, 0.5% erythromycin ointment, or 1-2% silver nitrate solution (Credé's method) into the eyes of babies immediately after birth. [6] Single injection of ceftriaxone IM or IV should be given to infants born to mothers with untreated gonococcal infection.
Concentrated solutions are toxic to humans, causing corrosion/irritation to the skin and mucosa, and death if taken internally in sufficient volumes. 0.1% is the maximum concentration of benzalkonium chloride that does not produce primary irritation on intact skin or act as a sensitizer.
properly diluted chlorine preparations (f.e. Dakin's solution, 0.5% sodium or potassium hypochlorite solution, pH-adjusted to pH 7–8, or 0.5–1% solution of sodium benzenesulfochloramide (chloramine B)), some; iodine preparations, such as iodopovidone in various galenics (ointment, solutions, wound plasters), in the past also Lugol's solution,
The recommended maximum limits by the World Health Organization in drinking water are 3 mg L −1 and 50 mg L −1 for nitrite and nitrate ions, respectively. [16] Ingesting too much nitrite and/or nitrate through well water is suspected to cause methemoglobinemia. [17]
One method uses molten sodium nitrate as the salt, and lead which is oxidized, while a more modern method uses scrap iron filings to reduce the nitrate. [4] [84] NaNO 3 + Pb → NaNO 2 + PbO. A more commonly used method involves the general reaction of nitrogen oxides in alkaline aqueous solution, with the addition of a catalyst. The exact ...
Weak chlorine solution" is a 0.05% solution of hypochlorite used for washing hands, but is normally prepared with calcium hypochlorite granules. [ 48 ] " Dakin's Solution " is a disinfectant solution containing a low concentration of sodium hypochlorite and some boric acid or sodium bicarbonate to stabilize the pH.
More concentrated solutions are used to disinfect drinking water and as bleaching agents in industrial processes. A more diluted solution (up to 0.5%) has been in use since 1915 to cleanse and disinfect wounds, under the name of Dakin's solution. [17] [18] [19] [2] Calcium hypochlorite, Ca(OCl) 2. [20]
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