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The clinical audit process seeks to identify areas for service improvement, develop & carry out action plans to rectify or improve service provision and then to re-audit to ensure that these changes have an effect. Clinical audit can be described as a cycle or a spiral, see figure.
A case report form (or CRF) is a paper or electronic questionnaire specifically used in clinical trial research. [1] The case report form is the tool used by the sponsor of the clinical trial to collect data from each participating patient.
Their purpose is to engage clinicians in systematic evaluation of their clinical practice against standards (often set by NICE), and to encourage improvement in the quality of care. This programme is gradually being extended to other areas of healthcare, working with clinical, patient and professional advisory groups.
Clinical monitoring is the oversight and administrative efforts that monitor a participant's health and efficacy of the treatment during a clinical trial.Both independent and government-run grant-funding agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1] and the World Health Organization (WHO), [2] require data and safety monitoring protocols for Phase I and II clinical trials ...
A data clarification form (DCF) [1] or data query form is a questionnaire specifically used in clinical research. The DCF is the primary data clarification tool from the trial sponsor or contract research organization (CRO) towards the investigator to clarify discrepancies and ask the investigator for clarification. The DCF is part of the data ...
USMLE Step 2 CK ("Clinical Knowledge") is a nine-hour-long exam that represents the second part of the United States Medical Licensure Examination. [1] It assesses clinical knowledge through a traditional, multiple-choice examination divided into eight 60-minute blocks, each containing up to 40 questions, as well as an hour of break time. [2]
In 2022 PricewaterhouseCoopers did a study for the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry of 13 medicines recommended for asthma, kidney disease, stroke prevention and type 2 diabetes. They found that 1.2 million patients had not received the drugs which could have given them the equivalent of 429,000 extra years in “complete good ...
An objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is an approach to the assessment of clinical competence in which the components are assessed in a planned or structured way with attention being paid to the objectivity of the examination which is basically an organization framework consisting of multiple stations around which students rotate and at which students perform and are assessed on ...