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A mass flow controller is designed and calibrated to control a specific type of liquid or gas at a particular range of flow rates. The MFC can be given a setpoint from 0 to 100% of its full scale range but is typically operated in the 10 to 90% of full scale where the best accuracy is achieved.
A compressor map is a chart which shows the performance of a turbomachinery compressor. This type of compressor is used in gas turbine engines, for supercharging reciprocating engines and for industrial processes, where it is known as a dynamic compressor. A map is created from compressor rig test results or predicted by a special computer program.
A second type is the capillary-tube type of thermal mass flow meter. Many mass flow controllers (MFC) which combine a mass flow meter, electronics and a valve are based on this design. Furthermore, a thermal mass flow meter can be built by measuring temperature differential across a silicon-based MEMS chip.
Compressibility factor values are usually obtained by calculation from equations of state (EOS), such as the virial equation which take compound-specific empirical constants as input. For a gas that is a mixture of two or more pure gases (air or natural gas, for example), the gas composition must be known before compressibility can be calculated.
That is, observed temperatures above 60 °F (or the base temperature used) typically correlate with a correction factor below "1", while temperatures below 60 °F correlate with a factor above "1". This concept lies in the basis for the kinetic theory of matter and thermal expansion of matter , which states as the temperature of a substance ...
≡ mass of 1 L of hydrogen gas at STP: ≈ 89.9349 mg dalton: Da 1/12 the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state and at rest: ≈ 1.660 539 068 92 (52) × 10 −27 kg [20] dram (apothecary; troy) dr t ≡ 60 gr = 3.887 9346 g: dram (avoirdupois) dr av ≡ 27 + 11 ⁄ 32 gr = 1.771 845 195 ...
In fluid dynamics, the Cunningham correction factor, or Cunningham slip correction factor (denoted C), is used to account for non-continuum effects when calculating the drag on small particles. The derivation of Stokes' law , which is used to calculate the drag force on small particles, assumes a no-slip condition which is no longer correct at ...
Pressure-correction method is a class of methods used in computational fluid dynamics for numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations normally for incompressible flows. Common properties [ edit ]