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The border crossing between Hekou (foreground) and Lao Cai (background) China and Vietnam signed an agreement on border trade in 1991. In 1992, 21 border trade points (cross border markets and goods import/export but limited through access for people) were opened, of which four also served as border crossings. [29]
Lào Cai is also the capital of Lào Cai province and shares border with the city of Hekou, in the Yunnan province of Southwest China. This border town was closed after the 1979 war with China, since reopened in 1993, has become a major tourist centre between Hanoi, Sa Pa and Kunming (China).
In the early 2020s, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the border fortifications created by China in response, the flow of trafficked women across the Sino-Vietnamese border largely ceased. By mid-2023, according to an article in The Wall Street Journal , there were signs that the trafficking was beginning to resume.
In December 2014, the last section (Mengzi–Hekou) of the new standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou Railway was completed. It ends at the new Hekou North Railway Station, which is also connected by narrow-gauge tracks to the old railway, in order to facilitate cargo movement between China and Vietnam. [6] Hekou Border crossing
Lào Cai ([làːw kāːj] ⓘ) is a city in the Northwest region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Lào Cai Province . The city borders Bảo Thắng District , Bát Xát District , Sa Pa and the city of Hekou Yao Autonomous County , in Yunnan province of southwest China .
Đồng Đăng Railway Station and the town are several kilometres short of the Friendship Pass border crossing. [1] [2] It is one of three main border crossings with China, the others being Móng Cái-Dongxing, Guangxi to the East on the coast, and Lào Cai-Hekou, Yunnan, inland 150 km northwest. [3]
A border marker at Nậm Xôi. Historically the Annamite Range formed a natural boundary between Vietnamese kingdoms in the east and Lao, Thai and Khmer kingdoms in the west. [2] From the 1860s France began establishing a presence in the region, initially in modern Cambodia and Vietnam, and the colony of French Indochina was created in 1887.
Many Vietnamese women travel from Lao Cai in Vietnam to Hekou County in China to work in brothels. They provide sex mainly to Chinese men. [70] Vietnamese women working as prostitutes in China have been trafficked from Vietnam through various means at the Guangxi border. [71]