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Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. It is situated in the middle of Indian Ocean. Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, as well as thousands of marine and brackish water fauna. [1] Fishing is the way of life of most of coastal community.
The low salinity and high osmotic pressure makes them so different. Few fish can be found in all three ecological systems. There are 95 species of freshwater fish occur in the country, where 53 of those are endemic. 41% of all known species of fish of Sri Lanka are found in freshwater. There are about 70% of endemism of those fish.
This page lists the world fisheries' production. ... Sri Lanka: 332,623 ... World fish production; References
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Sri Lankan freshwater habitats can be divided into 6 major types - river, stream, lake, pond, villu and paddy field - according to size, depth, rate of flow and type of bottom. Medium-sized rivers are called Oya and fast flowing streams torrential streams are called Dola in Sinhalese. The following list provide the freshwater fauna of Sri Lanka.
The ancestor of G. ceylonensis colonized Sri Lanka from India once during the late Pliocene, via a former isthmus that existed in the Palk Strait, and from the Pleistocene until its submergence, the still-exposed isthmus may have had a hydroclimate unsuitable to further dispersal of freshwater fish.
Pethia cumingii, known as the Cuming's barb or the two spot barb (though that name can also apply to the Ticto barb, P. ticto), is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Sri Lanka. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Its stocks have declined in recent decades, and in 1996 it was assessed to be in need of conservation to ensure it stays plentiful.
Laubuka lankensis, also known as the Sri Lanka blue laubuca, is a cyprinid fish species endemic to Sri Lanka. [1] [2] It is a freshwater species widely distributed throughout the lowland dry zone of the island. [1] It grows to 5.8 cm (2.3 in) standard length. [2]