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Venus rotates clockwise, and Uranus has been knocked on its side and rotates almost perpendicular to the rest of the Solar System. The ecliptic remains within 3° of the invariable plane over five million years, [2] but is now inclined about 23.44° to Earth's celestial equator used for the coordinates of poles. This large inclination means ...
The 3:4, 3:5, 4:7 and 2:5 resonances are less populated. [150] Neptune has a number of known trojan objects occupying both the Sun–Neptune L 4 and L 5 Lagrangian points—gravitationally stable regions leading and trailing Neptune in its orbit, respectively. [151] Neptune trojans can be viewed as being in a 1:1 resonance with Neptune.
The orbits are ellipses, with foci F 1 and F 2 for Planet 1, and F 1 and F 3 for Planet 2. The Sun is at F 1. The shaded areas A 1 and A 2 are equal, and are swept out in equal times by Planet 1's orbit. The ratio of Planet 1's orbit time to Planet 2's is (/) /.
Typically, the stated rotation period for a giant planet (such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) is its internal rotation period, as determined from the rotation of the planet's magnetic field. For objects that are not spherically symmetrical, the rotation period is, in general, not fixed, even in the absence of gravitational or tidal forces.
Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth and slightly larger than Neptune. [ a ] Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 astronomical units (4.50 × 10 9 km).
Mercury's sidereal day is about two-thirds of its orbital period, so by the prograde formula its solar day lasts for two revolutions around the Sun – three times as long as its sidereal day. Venus rotates retrograde with a sidereal day lasting about 243.0 Earth days, or about 1.08 times its orbital period of 224.7 Earth days; hence by the ...
Although the orbit in Figure 3 may seem to rotate uniformly, i.e., at a constant angular speed, this is true only for circular orbits. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] If the orbit rotates at an angular speed Ω , the angular speed of the second particle is faster or slower than that of the first particle by Ω ; in other words, the angular speeds would satisfy the ...
To address this, in 1979 a team of astronomers led by P. Farinella proposed a "hybrid" model, where only Pluto was an indigenous satellite of Neptune and Triton is a captured object. [2]: 419–420 Alternatively, astronomers R. S. Harrington and T. C. van Flandern proposed that same year that an encounter with a rogue object several times more ...