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The aldol reaction (aldol addition) is a reaction in organic chemistry that combines two carbonyl compounds (e.g. aldehydes or ketones) to form a new β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Its simplest form might involve the nucleophilic addition of an enolized ketone to another:
The Leuckart reaction is the chemical reaction that converts aldehydes or ketones to amines. The reaction is an example of reductive amination. [1] The reaction, named after Rudolf Leuckart, uses either ammonium formate or formamide as the nitrogen donor and reducing agent. It requires high temperatures, usually between 120 and 130 °C; for the ...
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. The overall reaction equation is as follows (where the Rs can be H)
Fig. 1: Mechanism of an intramolecular aldol reaction in basic conditions. Aldol addition product; bottom right Aldol condensation product; top right. Intramolecular aldol condensation is between two aldehyde groups or ketone groups in the same molecule. Five- or six-membered α, β-unsaturated ketone or aldehydes are formed as products. This ...
A general acyl group (blue) in a ketone (top left), as an acylium cation (top centre), as an acyl radical (top right), an aldehyde (bottom left), ester (bottom centre) or amide (bottom right). ( R 1 , R 2 and R 3 stands for organyl substituent or hydrogen in the case of R 1 )
Amidoximes are oximes of amides (R 1 C(=O)NR 2 R 3) with general structure R 1 C(=NOH)NR 2 R 3. Oximes are usually generated by the reaction of hydroxylamine with aldehydes (R−CH=O) or ketones (RR’C=O). The term oxime dates back to the 19th century, a combination of the words oxygen and imine. [1]
The Hantzsch pyridine synthesis or Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis is a multi-component organic reaction between an aldehyde such as formaldehyde, 2 equivalents of a β-keto ester such as ethyl acetoacetate and a nitrogen donor such as ammonium acetate or ammonia. [1] [2] The initial reaction product is a dihydropyridine which can be ...
Passerini reaction: Carboxylic acid, ketone or aldehyde Ugi reaction: Isocyanide, carboxylic acid, ketone, primary amine Bodroux reaction [22] [23] Carboxylic acid, Grignard reagent with an aniline derivative ArNHR' Chapman rearrangement [24] [25] Aryl imino ether: For N,N-diaryl amides. The reaction mechanism is based on a nucleophilic ...