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During a renovation of the carriage house in the 1990s, the owners of the site discovered one of the oldest and best preserved urban slave quarters in the American South. [ 5 ] [ 8 ] [ 6 ] [ 9 ] The history has been uncovered via their Slavery and Freedom Project , and via symposiums in 2008 and 2020 (planned).
Slavery in Georgia is known to have been practiced by European colonists. During the colonial era, the practice of slavery in Georgia soon became surpassed by industrial-scale plantation slavery. The colony of the Province of Georgia under James Oglethorpe banned slavery in 1735, the only one of the thirteen colonies to have done so.
Once the Georgia experiment was formally abandoned, the colony quickly caught up to the regional neighbors in the acquisition of slaves. A decade after the repeal, Georgia boasted one slave for every two free persons, and slaves made up about one-half of the colony's population on the eve of the American Revolution. [16]
The plantation was established in the 1820s, when Thomas Jefferson Johnson built the first house. [2] [3] After his death, the plantation was inherited by his daughter, Julia Ann, and her husband, John H. Mitchell. [2] They hired English architect John Wind to design a new mansion. [2] [3] Their slaves grew cotton, tobacco and rice. [2]
Major Pierce Butler, who was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and a supporter of slavery, owned the property in 1790.He ran the plantation until he died in 1822, when his unmarried daughter Frances became a trustee of the plantation, with the overseer, Roswell King, as her co-administrator.
The Market House was built between 1795 and 1798 and served as the center of commerce in Louisville when it was briefly Georgia's state capital, according to documents filed with the U.S ...
Robert Stafford died in 1877. His heirs sold the property to Thomas M. Carnegie and his wife Lucy, who had also acquired Dungeness. [2] All that remains of Stafford's house is a ruin known as "the Chimneys," a series of 24 hearth-and-chimney structures representing Stafford's slaves' housing, about one kilometer east of the main house. [3]
Two weeks after local officials weakened restrictions that for decades protected a tiny Georgia island community populated by slaves' descendants, its Black residents hope to force a referendum ...