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Wood drying (also seasoning lumber or wood seasoning) reduces the moisture content of wood before its use. When the drying is done in a kiln, the product is known as kiln-dried timber or lumber, whereas air drying is the more traditional method. There are two main reasons for drying wood: Woodworking
Turpentine may alternatively be extracted from destructive distillation of pine wood, [3] such as shredded pine stumps, roots, and slash, using the light end of the heavy naphtha fraction (boiling between 90 and 115 °C or 195 and 240 °F) from a crude oil refinery. Such turpentine is called wood turpentine.
Depending on the wood type and how long the wood has been in water, removal of the water from the cells too rapidly (in the form of natural drying or other) could apply major stress to the cell walls and cause them to collapse. Improperly dried waterlogged irreversibly shrinks, warps, cracks and there is risk of loss to the original surface. [5]
Apart from structural wood preservation measures, there are a number of different chemical preservatives and processes (also known as timber treatment, lumber treatment or pressure treatment) that can extend the life of wood, timber, and their associated products, including engineered wood. These generally increase the durability and resistance ...
The term creosote has a broad range of definitions depending on the origin of the coal tar oil and end-use of the material. With respect to wood preservatives, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers the term creosote to mean a pesticide for use as a wood preservative meeting the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) Standards P1/P13 and P2. [6]
Leached wood is steamed for additional naphtha recovery prior to burning for energy recovery. [19] After the solvent has been recovered, "the terpene oils are separated by fractional distillation and recovered mainly as refined turpentine, dipentene, and pine oil. The nonvolatile residue from the extract is wood rosin of rather dark color.
Finishing is the final step of the manufacturing process that gives wood surfaces desirable characteristics, including enhanced appearance and increased resistance to moisture and other environmental agents. Finishing can also make wood easier to clean [3] and keep it sanitized, sealing pores that can be breeding grounds for bacteria. Finishing ...
In some parts of Russia and Georgia, immature pine cones are harvested in late spring and boiled to make sweet preserves. [19] Coat of arms of the Parthon de Von family featuring three pine cones. The pineal gland is named after the pine cone. [20] Pine cones were also used as symbols of fertility in ancient Assyrian art.
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