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Diseases can be avoided with proper maintenance of the feed and feeder. A feeder is the device that supplies the feed to the poultry. [8] For privately raised chickens, or chickens as pets, feed can be delivered through jar, trough or tube feeders. The use of poultry feed can also be supplemented with food found through foraging. [9]
As of 2011 in the US, broiler chickens has an FCR of 1.6 based on body weight gain, and mature in 39 days. [25] At around the same time the FCR based on weight gain for broilers in Brazil was 1.8. [25] The global average in 2013 is around 2.0 for weight gain (live weight) and 2.8 for slaughtered meat (carcass weight). [26]
Chewning et al. (2012), in their recent study, concluded that although fine particle sizes (0.27 mm) enhanced broilers live performance, the pelleted feed did not. [17] All of this data shows that both fine and coarse particle sizes do have different functions in poultry feed.
In the U.S., the average feed conversion ratio (FCR) of a broiler was 1.91 kilograms of feed per kilograms of liveweight in 2011, an improvement from 4.70 in 1925. [18] Canada has a typical FCR of 1.72. [19] New Zealand commercial broiler farms have recorded the world's best broiler chicken FCR at 1.38. [20]
Ethopabate is designated as a feed additive to promote the effective use of nutrient components contained in feeds, and the ordinance of MAFF allows the use of it in the range of 2.56-16 g/t in feeds for starting chicks, growing chicks, prior stage or later stage broiler chickens (up to 7 days before killing for edible use).
Because broilers are relatively young and have not reached sexual maturity, they exhibit very little aggressive conduct. [36] Chicken feed consists primarily of corn and soybean meal with the addition of essential vitamins and minerals. No hormones or steroids are allowed in raising chickens. [36] [37]
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