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The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), developed by the sociologist Morris Rosenberg, [1] is a self-esteem measure widely used in social science research. It uses a scale of 0–30, where a score less than 15 may indicate problematic low self-esteem. [ 2 ]
Body cathexis is defined as the degree of satisfaction or dissatisfaction one feels towards various parts and aspects of their own body. [1] This evaluative dimension of body image is dependent on a person's investment of mental and emotional energy in body size, parts, shape, processes, and functions, and is integral to one's sense of self-concept. [2]
BASS is a 9-item subscale of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. It uses a rating scale from −2 to +2 and assesses eight body areas and attributes and overall appearance (face, hair, lower torso, mid-torso, upper torso, muscle tone, height, and weight). [140] Questionnaires can have variable responses.
The Body-Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA) consists of twenty-three statements that measure an individual's general feelings about his or her physical appearance. [21] The Male Body Attitudes Scale (MBAS) consists of 24 items and assesses the three dimensions of body attitude in men (muscularity, low body fat, and height). [22] [23]
The Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) is a non-verbal pictorial questionnaire that directly measures a person's affect and feelings in response to exposure to an object or an event, such as a picture. [1] It is widely used by scientists to determine emotional reactions of participants during psychology experiments due to its non-verbal nature.
The new approach emphasizes population health [23] where psychological researchers have prioritized one-one therapy in regards to analyzing social emotional conflict like low self-esteem. [24] The underlying idea of the movement was that low self-esteem was the root of problems for individuals, making it the root of societal problems and ...
The BAT is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 20 questions. Patients are asked to score each statement 0–5, 0 meaning they do not relate to the statement at all, and 5 meaning the statement frequently describes their sentiment. [2] The following are examples of questions asked in the assessment: [4]
Self-concept is made up of one's self-schemas, and interacts with self-esteem, self-knowledge, and the social self to form the self as a whole. It includes the past, present, and future selves, where future selves (or possible selves) represent individuals' ideas of what they might become, what they would like to become, or what they are afraid ...