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According to the IAU's explicit count, there are eight planets in the Solar System; four terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) and four giant planets, which can be divided further into two gas giants (Jupiter and Saturn) and two ice giants (Uranus and Neptune). When excluding the Sun, the four giant planets account for more than ...
Saturn: 60 000 Uranus: 25 400 Neptune: 24 300 Pluto: 2 500 Moon: 1 738 Moon's disk, ratio to Earth's equatorial radius: k = 0.272 5076 a e [19] Sun: 696 000 4 ...
Parts-per-million chart of the relative mass distribution of the Solar System, each cubelet denoting 2 × 10 24 kg. This article includes a list of the most massive known objects of the Solar System and partial lists of smaller objects by observed mean radius. These lists can be sorted according to an object's radius and mass and, for the most ...
The standard gravitational parameter μ of a celestial body is the product of the gravitational constant G and the mass M of that body. For two bodies, the parameter may be expressed as G(m 1 + m 2), or as GM when one body is much larger than the other: = (+).
The choice of solar mass, M ☉, as the basic unit for planetary mass comes directly from the calculations used to determine planetary mass.In the most precise case, that of the Earth itself, the mass is known in terms of solar masses to twelve significant figures: the same mass, in terms of kilograms or other Earth-based units, is only known to five significant figures, which is less than a ...
The eccentricity of an elliptical orbit can be used to obtain the ratio of the apoapsis radius to the periapsis radius: = (+) = + For Earth, orbital eccentricity e ≈ 0.016 71 , apoapsis is aphelion and periapsis is perihelion, relative to the Sun.
Titan, shrouded in a smog-like orange haze, is the only known world other than Earth exhibiting l. ... "Titan's seas are pulled by Saturn's massive gravity, just like our seas, and the tidal range ...
The Saturn-mass planet HD 149026 b has only two-thirds of Saturn's radius, so it may have a rock–ice core of 60 Earth masses or more. [39] CoRoT-20b has 4.24 times Jupiter's mass but a radius of only 0.84 that of Jupiter; it may have a metal core of 800 Earth masses if the heavy elements are concentrated in the core, or a core of 300 Earth ...