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Railroad historians mark the 1906 Hepburn Act that gave the ICC the power to set maximum railroad rates as a damaging blow to the long-term profitability and growth of railroads. [168] After 1910 the lines faced an emerging trucking industry to compete with for freight, and automobiles and buses to compete for passenger service. [77]: 348–64
The growth of railroads from 1850s to 1880s made commercial farming much more feasible and profitable. ... and associations during the Gilded Age. American Art ...
The Routledge Historical Atlas of the American Railroads (2001) Stover, John. History of the Illinois Central Railroad (1975) Stover, John. Iron Road to the West: American Railroads in the 1850s (1978) Turner, George E. Victory rode the rails: the strategic place of the railroads in the Civil War (1953) Ward, James Arthur. J.
The greatest nation of the Earth: Republican economic policies during the Civil War (Harvard UP, 2009) pp. 170–208, detailed history of passage of the Pacific Railroad Acts. Riegel, Robert Edgar. The Story of the Western Railroads (1926) online; Shortridge, James R. Cities on the plains: The evolution of urban Kansas (UP of Kansas, 2004 ...
On April 1, 1830, a double-tracked 3,800-foot (1,200 m)-long railroad was in full operation. By 1833, this railroad had been completed to Hamburg, South Carolina for a total length of 137 miles (220 km). At that time, it was the longest railroad in the world. This was the first railroad to use steam locomotives regularly.
The Gilded Age was named for the practice of gilding, or covering surfaces with a thin, decorative layer of gold. Mark Twain coined the name as a criticism of the inequality that existed during ...
Some critics have argued the US actually seems to be in something like the Gilded Age, the period in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, after Reconstruction and before the Progressive era ...
During the Gilded Age, American railroad mileage tripled between 1860 and 1880, and tripled again by 1920, opening new areas to commercial farming, creating a truly national marketplace and inspiring a boom in coal mining and steel production.