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In engineering, span is the distance between two adjacent structural supports (e.g., two piers) of a structural member (e.g., a beam). Span is measured in the horizontal direction either between the faces of the supports (clear span) or between the centers of the bearing surfaces (effective span): [1] A span can be closed by a solid beam or by ...
Architects, engineers and builders found it difficult to compare rated capacities and to use fully the economies of steel joist construction. Gable steel joists being erected. Members of the industry began to organize the institute, and in 1928 the first standard specifications were adopted, followed in 1929 by the first load table. The joists ...
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
In light-frame construction, a trimmer is a timber or metal beam (joist) used to create an opening around a stairwell, skylight, chimney, and the like. Trimmers are installed parallel to the primary floor or ceiling joists and support headers , which run perpendicular to the primary joists.
Depths can range from 9 + 1 ⁄ 4 to 24 inches (230–610 mm) and reach up to 80 feet (24 m) in length, although 40 to 42 feet (12–13 m) is more common. The intended use for an I-joist is for floor and roof joists, wall studs, and roof rafters in both residential and commercial construction. [1]
[5] [3] As a rule of thumb, the depth should be 1 ⁄ 24 of the span. [5] The width of the ribs is typically 130 mm (5 in) to 150 mm (6 in), and ribs usually have steel rod reinforcements. [5] The distance between ribs is typically 915 mm (3 ft). [3] The height of the ribs and beams should be 1 ⁄ 25 of the span between columns. [3]
In dimensioned lumber construction, the rim joists are the same depth, thickness and material as the joists themselves; in engineered wood construction, the rim joists may be oriented strand board (OSB), plywood or an engineered wood material varying in thickness from 1 inch (25 mm) to as much as 1 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches (44 mm), though they are ...
The outermost joist in half timber construction may be of a more durable species than the interior joists. In a barn, loose poles above the drive floor are called a scaffold . Between the joists, the area called a joist-bay, and above the ceiling in some old houses is material called pugging , which was used to deaden sound, insulate, and ...