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The rib cage or thoracic cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrates that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protect the vital organs of the thoracic cavity, such as the heart, lungs and great vessels and support the shoulder girdle to form the core part of the axial skeleton.
The first rib is attached to thoracic vertebra 1 (T1). At the front of the body, most of the ribs are joined by costal cartilage to the sternum. Ribs connect to vertebrae at the costovertebral joints. [4] The parts of a rib includes the head, neck, body (or shaft), tubercle, and angle. The head of the rib lies next to a vertebra. The ribs ...
The axial skeleton (80 bones) is formed by the vertebral column (32–34 bones; the number of the vertebrae differs from human to human as the lower 2 parts, sacral and coccygeal bone may vary in length), a part of the rib cage (12 pairs of ribs and the sternum), and the skull (22 bones and 7 associated bones).
A cervical rib in humans is an extra rib which arises from the seventh cervical vertebra.Their presence is a congenital abnormality located above the normal first rib. A cervical rib is estimated to occur in 0.2% [6] to 0.5% [7] (1 in 200 to 500) of the population. [8]
Gross anatomy has become a key part of visual arts. Basic concepts of how muscles and bones function and deform with movement is key to drawing, painting or animating a human figure. Many books such as Human Anatomy for Artists: The Elements of Form, are written as a guide to drawing the human body anatomically correctly. [4]
Like the ribs, the costal ... for reparative use elsewhere in the body. [1 ... public domain from page 127 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) ...
costal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process ribs/costal cartilages 2–6 intercostal arteries: intercostal nerves: depresses ribs 2 1 levatores costarum, longi 1-4 Torso, Chest transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae
The bony skeletal part of the thoracic wall is the rib cage, and the rest is made up of muscle, skin, and fasciae.. The chest wall has 10 layers, namely (from superficial to deep) skin (epidermis and dermis), superficial fascia, deep fascia and the invested extrinsic muscles (from the upper limbs), intrinsic muscles associated with the ribs (three layers of intercostal muscles), endothoracic ...