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Nerve compression syndrome, or compression neuropathy, or nerve entrapment syndrome, is a medical condition caused by chronic, direct pressure on a peripheral nerve. [1] It is known colloquially as a trapped nerve, though this may also refer to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc, for example).
The treatment of each peripheral nerve entrapment has its own history, making any single narrative incomplete. [49] The symptoms of nerve injury in the early 1900s were called nerve palsy (today neuropathy or neuritis are more common terms). [50] The concept of injuries causing nerve palsy was understood at that time. [49]
Peripheral neuropathy may be classified according to the number and distribution of nerves affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, or polyneuropathy), the type of nerve fiber predominantly affected (motor, sensory, autonomic), or the process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflammation (), compression (compression neuropathy), chemotherapy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy).
Radial Nerve - Anatomy, Innervation Humerus - anterior view. There are many ways to acquire radial nerve neuropathy, including: [6] Upper arm - a fracture of the bone; Elbow - entrapment of the nerve; Wrist - elbow deformity and soft-tissue masses; Axilla - here the most common cause is compression.
Among the signs/symptoms are the following (different symptoms are caused by different nerves, such as the foot drop caused by the peroneal nerve [4]): Other HNPP symptoms can include: Partial hearing loss and facial numbness (cranial nerves can be afflicted by HNPP), intolerable fatigue and pain, sensation loss and muscle weakness in the hands ...
No treatment modality prior to neurectomy (e.g. systemic medications, cryoablation, therapeutic nerve blocks, and radioablation) has given effective pain relief and none have been curative. [ 19 ] The success outcome is typically measured as a 50% or more decrease in visual analog scale (VAS) scores, which are numerical pain scores from 0 - 10 ...
Typical early symptoms are "tingling" (sort of electrified vibration or paresthesia) or numbness in the extremities, frequent (night) leg cramps, loss of reflexes (in knees), muscle fasciculations, "vibration" feelings, loss of balance, general muscle cramping and nerve pain.
Tissue injury may contribute to positive and/or negative symptoms, which can be attributed to the loss of nerve function and the hyperexcitability of nerve tissue. [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Additionally, nerve fibers may be differently affected by compression/ischema depending on their size, location and topography. [ 2 ]
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