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It may be concentrated to produce commercial-or merchant-grade phosphoric acid, which contains about 54–62% P 2 O 5 (75–85% H 3 PO 4). Further removal of water yields superphosphoric acid with a P 2 O 5 concentration above 70% (corresponding to nearly 100% H 3 PO 4). The phosphoric acid from both processes may be further purified by ...
The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, sodium hydroxide is frequently used alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students.
Citric acid is an organic compound with the skeletal formula H O C(CO 2 H)(CH 2 CO 2 H) 2. [10] It is a colorless weak organic acid. [10] It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms. [10] More than two million tons of citric acid ...
LD50 is the concentration required to produce a lethal effect on 50 percent of the exposed population. Daphnia magna , a good example of a primary member of the food chain , is a small planktonic crustacean , about 0.5 mm (0.020 in) in length, having an LD50 of about 10,000 ppm TDS for a 96-hour exposure.
10 −2: cM 20 mM: neutrinos during a supernova, 1 AU from the core (10 58 over 10 s) [18] 44.6 mM: pure ideal gas at 0 °C and 101.325 kPa [19] 10 −1: dM: 140 mM: sodium ions in blood plasma [10] 480 mM: sodium ions in seawater [20] 10 0: M: 1 M: standard state concentration for defining thermodynamic activity [21] 10 1: daM 17.5 M pure ...
Infobox references. Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na 3 P O 4. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. TSP is used as a cleaning agent, builder, lubricant, food additive, stain remover, and degreaser. [7]
Mesh is a measurement of particle size often used in determining the particle-size distribution of a granular material. For example, a sample from a truckload of peanuts may be placed atop a mesh with 5 mm openings. When the mesh is shaken, small broken pieces and dust pass through the mesh while whole peanuts are retained on the mesh.
Molar concentration (also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular, of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution. In chemistry, the most commonly used unit for molarity is the number of moles per liter ...